Ii-morrow-inc 920 User Manual

Section H - Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H-1Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Back CoverV

MMagnetic variation D-2, D-14Magnetic variation, manual setting D-14Main menu B-2, B-4, B-6, D-1Main menu options B-5, D-2Main menu, calling the D-1Ma

OOperation mode D-2 - D-4Operation mode, applications A-2, B-17, B-20, B-22Orthographic navigation screen B-10, B-17PParallel track D-2, D-13Position,

Route, starting a D-26Route, stopping or holding D-26Route, stopping or holding a D-27Routes, inserting approaches D-32Runway centerline extensions D-

TTime and place B-6 - B-7, D-2, D-4Time, current B-6Time, local and UTC difference B-7Time, setting the B-7Time, UTC D-4TK B-13Track B-13Track point h

WWaypoint B-18Waypoint identifiers, approach D-29Waypoint identifiers, runway centerline D-32Waypoint information B-3, B-8 - B-9, C-2, C-4 - C-5Waypoi

Apollo Handheld GPS Receiver SpecificationsDisplay: 64 X 128 pixel backlighted LCDSize: 3.7" wide X 7.8" high X 2.0" deepWeight: 1.45 l

Notes:

Section A - Introduction to Satellite NavigationWhatis GPS?The Global Positioning System (GPS) is aconstellation of 24 satellites in six orbit lanes10

Depending on the relative position of thesatellites to one another, their elevation abovethe horizon, and other factors, the accuracy ofthe position f

Section B - Getting StartedThis section explains how to get started usingthe Apollo handheld GPS receiver.Information in this section explains how to:

Switchingthe DisplayBacklightOn and OffThe Apollo handheld GPS receiver isequipped with a display backlight, allowingyou to view the display in low li

The NEW WPT KeyUse the NEW WPT key tocreate a new waypoint atanytime. The createdwaypoint can be the presentposition or enter latitudeand longitude co

The ARROW KeysUse the ARROW keys tomove around the display,select menu items, andmake changes.The ENTER KeyUse the ENTER key to“tell” the receiver to

HelpfulInstructionson theDisplayWhen selecting options from menus oracknowledging messages, the Apollohandheld GPS receiver shows you what to do.Helpf

Entering aSeedPositionThe first time the Apollo handheld GPSreceiver is switched on, it must locatesatellites in the sky from which to acquiresignals

History of RevisionsOctober 1993 Original ReleaseOctober 1993 Revision 01December 1993 Revision 02June 1994 Revision 03December 1994 Revision 04Orderi

It is not necessary to enter minutes orhundredths of a minute values.Set the date. Usethe ARROW keysto select and setthe current month,day and year.Se

Entering aDestinationWaypointPress the GOTO/NRST key to selecta destinationwaypoint.The destinationwaypoint screenshows on thedisplay.Use the ARROWkey

When the desiredwaypoint shows on thedisplay, press theENTER key to set thewaypoint as thedestination.Searchingfor NearestWaypointsTo search for thene

When the desiredwaypoint is selected,press the ENTERkey to set thewaypoint as thedestination.Navigatingto aDestinationOnce a destination waypoint is e

Numeric Navigation ScreensThe numeric navigation screens contain precisenavigation information in number form.This is a numericnavigation screen.It sh

This numeric screenis similar to theprevious screen withthe followingexceptions:desired track (DTK) replaces groundspeedestimated time of arrival (ETA

Moving Map ScreensOne of the most attractive features of theApollo handheld GPS receiver is its ability toshow moving map navigation screens. Themovin

This moving mapscreen shows thenavigation data ineach corner.This screen includes:the destination waypoint (upper leftcorner)bearing to the destinatio

Here are some examples of how zoomingworks:This screen showsa 20 nautical milescale selection.A distance of 20 nautical miles exists from theairplane

Auto ZoomThe auto zoom feature changes the movingmap scale automatically. While navigating,auto zoom adjusts the map scale to zoom incloser and closer

Important NoticeThe Apollo handheld GPS receiver is intended for use as anavigation aid. In aviation applications, the receiver shouldbe used to compl

OrthographicNavigationScreenWhen the Apollo handheld GPS receiver is setfor use in marine applications, theorthographic navigation screen is available

CreatingWaypointsIn addition to the included database ofwaypoints, the Apollo handheld GPS receiverallows you to create and store up to 2,000 ofyour o

Creating User WaypointsPress the NEWWPT key.The waypointcreating screenshows on thedisplay.Use the ARROWkeys to select andchange thewaypointidentifier

Using theNavigationSimulatorOnce you have become comfortable with basicoperation of the receiver, you may wish to usethe built in navigation simulator

Use the LEFT orRIGHT ARROWkeys to select“Simulator.” Thenpress the ENTERkey.You can select thespeed of simulatedtravel from 0 to900 units.All receiver

Section D contains information about otheravailable operation modes.B22

Section C - The Waypoint DatabaseTo aid the navigator, extensive databases ofinformation are available for the Apollohandheld GPS receiver.Aviation da

AvailableWaypointInformationThe following information is available foreach waypoint category.ARPT Waypoint Informationgeographic locationairport typea

NDB Waypoint Informationgeographic locationoperating frequencydistance from present positionbearing from present positionlatitude/longitude coordinate

ViewingWaypointInformationWaypoint information is always availablewhen you press the INFO key. Unless youchoose differently, information shows for the

The use of portable GPS receivers in aircraft fallsunder FAR 91.21 for Portable Electronic Devicesfor operations conducted under FAR part 91Operating

Nearest Waypoint InformationYou can view information about the nearestwaypoints.Press the GOTO/NRST key twiceto search for thenearest waypoints.Use th

Scanning Waypoints for InformationWhile navigating using the moving mapscreens, you can easily scan nearby waypointsfor information.Press the ENTER ke

Section D - Advanced FeaturesThis section explains how to use advancedfeatures of the Apollo handheld GPS receiverto enable you to gain maximum benefi

Navigation is not interrupted while accessingmenu options.Use the UP or DOWN ARROW keys to selectmenu options. The arrow marker shows thecurrently sel

Return to NavThe "Return to Nav" option is automaticallyselected when the main menu is called,allowing you to conveniently return to thenavi

WGS 1984 is the most recent datum andshould normally be used unless you plan tonavigate with a chart that was created using anolder datum. In this cas

Time information is lost in about 10 minutes ifpower is removed from the receiver. Replaceweak batteries promptly or connect thereceiver to external p

The backlight requires extra power to operate.To extend battery life, keep the displaybacklight off or use the “lo” setting.The contrast setting chang

This exampleshows a movingmap screen withthe route path andairspaces selectedto show.Zoomed in on themoving map, theroute functionclearly showscourse

Whether or not the identifiers show, you canscan waypoints on the moving map screens forinformation as Section C describes.This option also controls w

GermanyIt is hereby certified that the Model 920 GPS handheld hasbeen suppressed in accordance with the provisions for theBMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991. The

When track history is “on,” points are storedin memory.Your track historyis displayed on themoving mapscreens as a seriesof dots indicatingthe stored

The screen shows you how much memoryspace is used for track point storage. If youwish to empty the memory of track points,select “clear?” and choose “

If you choose airspace alerts, you can select:whether or not alert messages are issuedthe type of message - Class B and C,Special Use (Restricted, Dan

of an airspace you are flying over is 4,000feet, an airspace message (if selected) occurswhen the GPS altitude is at or below 5,000feet.CDI ScaleThis

Parallel TrackWith this option, you can set a parallel trackcourse to a destination. Useful in aviationapplications where busy air corridors maydictat

Magnetic VariationThis option allows you to override automaticmagnetic variation and manually enter avariation value. This is normally not requiredfor

Countdown TimeThe Apollo handheld GPS receiver includes acountdown timer. Use this option to enter atime of up to 60 minutes. After starting thetimer,

distance: nm/kts; sm/mph; km/kphaltitude: feet; metersLAT/LON: d-m.mmm; d-m-S. (whered=degrees, m=minutes, and s=secondsof latitude or longitude)Seria

If the device has a serial port with a differentconnector, you need to purchase the correctconnector and attach it to the cable. See“Making External C

Battery CheckThis option provides a graphic indication ofbattery condition on a scale from “Low” to“Full.” The combined voltage of the six AAbatteries

Table of ContentsPageSection A - Introduction to Satellite Navigation . A-1What is GPS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1What Do

User Waypoint ManagementThis option allows you to manage the databaseof user waypoints. You can edit or deletewaypoints as your area of travel or othe

Edit the waypointinformation asrequired.Press the ENTER key to save the waypointinformation.Select “Del” to delete a waypoint frommemory. Use the UP o

System InformationThis option shows the current operating softwareversion number and indicates the waypointdatabase region, date, and version number.N

The route screen shows the status and up tothe first four waypoints of each route, as wellas the desired track and distance betweenconsecutive waypoin

As you add waypoints, the route screen showsthe bearing to each waypoint and the distancebetween them.When you finishinserting waypointsinto the route

Adding a Route WaypointYou may add waypoints to any route. Addwaypoints to a route by inserting them into theroute.Select the route from the route men

Deleting Route WaypointsTo delete waypoints from a route, select theroute from the route menu from which youwish to delete waypoints. Then, select “Ed

Starting a RouteWhen you are ready to navigate a route, itmust be started. Only one route may be startedat any time.Select the route you wish to start

“Holding” a route leaves the route active, butstops destination waypoint updating.Stop or hold the active route by selecting itfrom the route menu. Pr

Route “Direct To”During navigation of a route, you may wish tobypass one or more waypoints and proceeddirectly to a destination waypoint. The route“Di

Zooming In or Out. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-14Auto Zoom. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-16Orthographic Navigation Scre

EnteringGPSApproachesGPS Approaches and Extended RunwayCenterlines are available with softwareversion 3.0 or greater. This feature allowspilots to sel

course to the way point is used (e.g., FF323).These are also the same identifiers that appearon approach charts modified for GPS overlayapproach use.E

NOT included in the overlay approaches are:initial approach fixes (may be insertedmanually)procedure turns or holding pointsaltitude step down fixesmi

Runway Centerline Waypoint IdentifiersEach runway centerline extension consists oftwo waypoints. These waypoints are:EX*** - extended runway centerlin

Press the RIGHTARROW key tohighlight EDIT,then pressENTER.The destination airport must be the lastwaypoint in the route.Press the DOWNARROW key untilt

Press ENTER toinsert thewaypoints.The destination airport is deleted and theapproach waypoints take its place. Now youcan delete any unwanted waypoint

CheckingSatelliteSignalStrengthThe satellite signal strength screen showsinformation about signals being received fromthe GPS satellites. Information

The screen also shows that the signal from satellite 6 is theweakest received. The satellite is currently located at anelevation of 41° from a horizon

Airspace Alert MessageThe airspace alertmessage shows onthe display whenyou approach orpenetrate anairspace.To disable airspace alert messages, use th

Low Battery Alert MessageThe low batteryalert messageshows on thedisplay whenbattery voltage fallsbelow 6 volts.The low battery alert message cannot b

Time and Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4Screen and Beeper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5Map Setups . . . . . . . . .

Parallel Track Alert MessageThe parallel trackalert messageshows on thedisplay to remindyou that the paralleltrack option isenabled.To disable the par

CurrentMessagesThe current messages screen shows alertmessages that remain valid after beingacknowledged. You can review thesemessages from any naviga

To connect the unit to an external powersource, plug the included power cable into theconnector labeled “Power.” Connect the cableto a 6VDC to 32VDC p

To connect the unit to an external serialdevice, use the optional serial data cable.Make connections as shown.Serial Data PortSerial DataInput(Red)Ser

Section E - Differential GPS OperationWhat isDifferentialGPS?Differential GPS, or DGPS, is a method bywhich the inherent degree of error in a GPSposit

UsingDifferentialGPSIn order to use DGPS, you must purchase amarine DGPS receiver capable of transmittingRTCM-104 differential GPS data at 9600 bitspe

Section F - Care of the GPS ReceiverVery little effort is required to care for theApollo handheld GPS receiver. Its ruggedconstruction and quality des

For the best service life, use nickel cadmiumrechargeable or alkaline batteries in thereceiver.Cleaningthe GPSReceiverUse a soft cloth and a mild soap

Section G - Glossary of Terms Used in this GuideALT (GPS Altitude): Altitude, as calculated by theGPS receiver, based upon a mathematical model of the

Course: The planned direction of travel in a horizontalplane.Course Deviation: A measurement of distance left orright from the desired course of trave

Entering GPS Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-29GPS Overlay Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-29Approach Waypoint Identifiers. . . . .

DTK (Desired Track): The desired course ofnavigation between a point of origin and a destinationwaypoint.Elevation: The altitude above ground.Fix: A g

vehicle, a human stick figure, or an “X” depending onthe selected operation mode.Identifier: A name, typically abbreviated, assigned to awaypoint. The

concentrate. A magnetic compass points to the magneticnorth.Mag Var (Magnetic Variation): The angle between themagnetic and true north. It differs at

NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association):The group responsible for defining and maintainingserial data format standards for marine electronicnav

Seed Position: A latitude and longitude position fixapproximately equal to the present position which theGPS receiver uses to determine the location o

UTC (Universal Coordinated Time): Greenwich MeanTime, or the time at the Prime Meridian in Greenwich,England. Also referred to as Zulu time.UTC Differ

IndexAAirspace, showing on display D-6Airspaces, nearest D-40Alert messages D-36Alert, acknowledgement of D-36Alert, airspace D-37Alert, arrival D-37A

BBacklight settings D-5Batteries, recommended types F-2Batteries, replacing D-5, F-1Battery check D-2, D-18Battery level B-2Beeper, message D-5, D-36B

DDatabase B-3, B-18, C-1, D-19, D-21Database categories C-2, C-4Date, setting the B-7Datum, map D-3 - D-4Declutter maps D-2, D-7Desired track B-12Dest

FFunction keys B-10GGlossary of terms G-AGOTO waypoint C-4GPS A-1GPS altitude A-2GPS approaches D-29GPS overlay approach D-29Ground speed B-11, B-13GS